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What is Antigen Capture?

What is Antigen Capture?

Important
Barcode Enabled Anitgen Capture (BEAM) is unsupported with the GEM-X chemistry (v3); therefore, Cell Ranger does not support BEAM/Antigen Capture libraries produced with this chemistry. For libraries made with Immune Profiling v3 chemistries, check the Supported Libraries table to confirm compatibility with the latest Cell Ranger version.

The Chromium Single Cell 5' Barcode Enabled Antigen Mapping (BEAM) with Feature Barcode technology offers a comprehensive, scalable approach to detect cell surface proteins and map antigens along with the gene expression and immune repertoire information from the same single cells.

With the BEAM workflow, it is possible to profile full-length, paired T cell receptor (TCR) or B cell receptor (BCR) transcripts, and map antigens and cell surface proteins from 500-10,000 individual cells per sample.

The BEAM-Ab or BCR Antigen Capture workflow starts with the assembly of the BEAM Conjugate (part of 10x Genomics Reagent Kits), containing a Feature Barcode oligonucleotide, with the appropriate antigens. Samples are labeled with assembled BEAM reagents and flow sorted to collect antigen-specific B cells.


Unlike BCRs, TCRs need antigenic peptides to be presented to them on specialized molecules called major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Before TCR-peptide binding, the BEAM-T workflow requires researchers to mix their peptides with a BEAM Conjugate bound to an MHC monomer. Cells can then be flow sorted to collect antigen-specific T cells, similar to the BCR Antigen Capture workflow.


A pool of ~750,000 barcodes is sampled separately to index each cell’s transcriptome and antigen specificity. This is done by partitioning thousands of cells into nanoliter-scale Gel Beads-in-emulsion (Gel Beads-in-emulsion), where all generated cDNA/DNA (from polyadenylated mRNA, Antigen Capture, and cell surface protein Feature Barcode) share a common 10x Barcode. Libraries are generated and sequenced, and 10x Barcodes are used to associate individual reads back to the individual partitions.


Single Cell 5' v2 dual index libraries must be sequenced with the following read configuration and sequencing depth:

Library nameRead configuration (bp)
Read 1, i7, i5, Read 2		Recommended sequencing depth(reads/cell)
Antigen Capture26, 10, 10, 905000
VDJ26, 10, 10, 905000
Gene Expression26, 10, 10, 90~5,000 reads/cell is a suggested starting point; the minimum GEX depth needed for cell calling may vary based on the sample type and data quality.

The Cell Ranger software can be used to analyze Antigen Capture data after sequencing. First, BCL files must be converted to FASTQ format using one of Illumina's BCL conversion software, BCL Convert or bcl2fastq.

The cellranger multi pipeline can ingest and process FASTQ files from Gene Expression, V(D)J, and Antigen Capture (+ Antibody Capture) libraries. Visit the Antigen Capture (multi) page under the Running Pipelines section to learn about configuring cellranger multi for Antigen Capture data.


The pipeline outputs antigen specificity scores along with all the regular cellranger multi outputs. Details on how Cell Ranger calculates the antigen specificity score are described on the antigen algorithm page.

The Cell Ranger pipeline outputs a .cloupe and .vloupe file that can be imported into Loupe Browser and Loupe V(D)J Browser, respectively.

Using Loupe Browser, users can visualize gene expression clusters, overlay clonotype information, and group cells by antigen specificity scores.

Using Loupe V(D)J Browser, you can visualize clonotype grouping, filter clonotypes and cells based on antigen specificity scores (in addition to other variables), and export a list of the filtered clonotypes in CSV format. A step-by-step tutorial on using the Loupe V(D)J Browser v5.0 to visualize Antigen Capture data is available.